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Stay up to date with our latest blog articles on global macro and investing.

What is Callable bond

A callable bond is a type of debt security that gives the issuer the right, but not the obligation, to redeem the bond before its maturity date. Think of it as an option for the issuer to buy back the bond early. This "call provision" is typically included

Spot vs Forward Rate

In the foreign exchange market, two key concepts are essential for understanding currency exchange: spot rates and forward rates. Each represents a distinct aspect of how currencies are traded. * Spot Rates: The spot rate refers to the current exchange rate for the immediate delivery of a currency. Essentially, this is

What is De-dollarization

De-dollarization refers to the process of reducing or eliminating the use of the US dollar within a country's economy. It involves shifting away from using the dollar as a primary currency for transactions, reserves, and debt issuance. This shift can take various forms, from gradually decreasing dollar usage

What is Discount Window Lending

The discount window is a crucial tool in the Federal Reserve's arsenal for maintaining financial stability. It's a lending facility through which banks can borrow money directly from the Fed at a predetermined interest rate, known as the discount rate. This rate is typically set slightly

What Is Maturity Wall In Fixed Income?

A maturity wall in fixed income refers to a concentrated period when a large volume of bonds within a portfolio or market segment are scheduled to mature. Imagine a wall of bonds, all reaching their due dates at roughly the same time. This phenomenon can create significant challenges and opportunities

What is the PMI Index

The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a leading economic indicator that measures the health of the manufacturing and services sectors. It's compiled from surveys of purchasing managers at companies across various industries, who provide insights into their current business conditions and expectations for the future. The PMI

What is a Liquidity Crisis

A liquidity crisis occurs when an entity, be it a company, bank, or even a government, suddenly finds itself unable to meet its short-term financial obligations due to a lack of readily available cash or liquid assets. This can happen even when the entity is fundamentally sound and has assets

What is Commodity Supercycle

A commodity supercycle is a prolonged period of sustained and significant price increases across a wide range of commodities. This surge in prices is typically driven by a combination of factors, including strong global economic growth, rising demand, and limited supply. These cycles can last for several years and have

What Is Liquidity Preference?

Liquidity preference refers to the general desire of individuals and institutions to hold assets that can be readily converted into cash without incurring significant losses. This preference stems from the inherent uncertainty surrounding future economic conditions and the need for funds to meet unexpected expenses or seize investment opportunities. Essentially,

What is Long Term Debt Cycle

The long-term debt cycle is a concept popularized by Ray Dalio, which describes the extended periods of economic growth and recession driven by the accumulation and eventual deleveraging of debt. Ray Dalio views the economy as a system driven by both short-term and long-term debt cycles, each playing a crucial